Managing Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Managing Performance - Essay Example Many managers have been â€Å"speaking† and practicing effective performance management naturally all their supervisory lives, but don’t know it!†(A Handbook for Measuring Employee Performance, 2001, p.3). Manpower is the only active element in an organization whereas all the other organizational resources are passive in nature. Since human has emotions, intelligence, and the ability to think, his activities will be primarily motivated or controlled by these individual characteristics. No two individuals are alike and therefore a manager will struggle to implement a uniform management style in an organization. In short, individual differences have to be taken into the account while managers devise their strategies for managing employees. In other words, managing individual performance is a complex task. This paper analyses why the management of individual performance in an organization is a complex issue. Team work is encouraged in majority of the current organizations because of the advantages of team work over individual work. However, it should be noted that individuals constitute a team and therefore individual characteristics can affect team work also. Majority of the decisions in a team is taken after a team meeting. Frisch (2008) mentioned that â€Å"reaching collective decisions based on individual preferences is an imperfect science† (Frisch, 2008). Team meetings usually give more importance to the majority’s opinion while taking decisions. It is not necessary that majority’s decisions may always be the right ones. Members of a team may have some common interests and they will vote for safeguarding their interest. It is not necessary that such interests may suit to the interests of the organization. For example, majority of the team members may show reluctance in working overtime for the completion of a project. If the team leader accepts the majorityâ⠂¬â„¢s opinion, the completion of the project could be delayed. Majority’s opinion

Tax Planning And Tax Avoidance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Tax Planning And Tax Avoidance - Essay Example Taxation is a major tool to drive the economics in the certain direction. Young and Guenther studied the relationship in the context of the mobility of capital in international level and Sun studied the efficiency of capital allocation. However, all these require that the financial reporting to be reliable, accurate, transparent, comparable and true representative of business conditions. International Financial Reporting Standards is mandated to be adopted as the financial reporting system in the EU countries for the listing companies. Barth, Landsman, & Lang and others have reported an improvement in the accounting information with the adoption of IFRS. Samuel, & Obiamaka in a paper stated that IFRS system of accounting as the base for tax will drive the tax accounting to generate the real economic value of the company. This provides greater opportunity to explore the real taxable income for the company. Use of IFRS increases the chances of them being listed in other countries. Use of the comparable system of IFRS across the broad would reduce the chances of measures taken by the company for tax avoidance to be overlooked. Another argument in favor of the adoption of IFRS states that it would result in the increased involvement of audit committee in addition to the other level of management. This will increase the double check facility for the audit committee as companies will not be available with an opportunity to avoid tax by claiming that reporting of a transaction is in accordance with the rules.